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Methods of Color Prints Lightfastness Evaluation
Komárková, Hana ; Havlínová,, Bohuslava (referee) ; Dzik, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with recent methods of lightfastness evaluation of the colour photographs. It summarizes the experimental methods used for both classic and digitally printed materials. Samples made by using the dye diffusion thermal transfer were put to accelerated and long-term lightfastness tests. Colour changes of the samples were evaluated on the basis of measured reflective spectra from which colorimetric quantities were calculated. The velocity constant of photograph fading was specified by dependence on the loss of normalized gamut volume on the exposure.
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Longevity -influence of nutrition and physical activity
Pausar, Martin ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Vágnerová, Tereza (referee)
Introduction: Longevity and the factors influencing it have long been the subject of interest for both laypeople and experts. One approach to studying this issue is the observation of individuals who can be considered long-lived and whose physical and mental condition allows them to continue living a high-quality life. Some factors that determine this quality can be influenced more than others. Lifestyle is one of the modifiable factors, particularly its components such as diet, physical activity, and minimizing harmful habits. Aims: The main aim of the bachelor thesis is to find and describe possible common features in the field of eating habits and physical activity in a group of seniors aged 80 years and above. The first objective is to determine the frequency of consumption of selected foods or groups of foods and beverages. The second is to record the prevalence of selected non- communicable diseases in the sample studied and compare with the general population. The third was then to ascertain the proportion of fat and muscle mass of the respondents. Methodology: Data were collected through questionnaire surveys, direct interviews, and supplementary measurements of body composition. The data were then transformed into numerical form and analyzed using a spreadsheet software. A custom frequency...
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The effects of ageing on working age populations that developed and developing countries face: study case of Czech republic and the United Mexican States
Aldama Gonzalez, Hector Santiago
Ageing has always been part of human life; for the first time in history elderly people will soon become the largest group in most societies around the world. This research focuses on highlighting the challenges that developed and developing countries face with the aging of the population. The theoretical part is directed to the understanding of the aging of the population as well as its implication among developed and developing countries. The practical part focuses on a comparison of the aging of the population in the Czech Republic and the United Mexican States through an analysis of quantitative data over the performance of the labor force and general population of Czechia and Mexico with indicators obtained from government institutions specialized in the compilation of population censuses of the last 20 years. The emphasis of this work is to focus on understanding the effects that aging has over society. Unless mechanism such as the creation of new public policies, a positive net migration balance and stable fertility rates are taken to solve the effects of the ageing of the population, the aging of the population will reduce the working age population in the Czech Republic and in the United Mexican States.
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Vliv vybraných faktorů na dlouhověkost dojnic
ŠLEGLOVÁ, Lucie
This diploma thesis deals with the influence of selected factors on the longevity and milk yield of Holstein cattle in the company ZOD Mrákov. The company provided data on culled dairy cows from the period from 1 January to 31 December 2021, when a total of 316 dairy cows were culled. The causes of culling were found in the-se dairy cows, which were then processed into tables and graphs. In addition, 102 culled dairy cows were randomly selected, which were divided according to breed, age at first calving, lactation order and cause of culling. Of the total number of 102 dairy cows, 60 were red-spotted and 42 were black-spotted dairy cows. In dairy cows, lifetime performance in kg, performance in kg on individual lactations, age at first calving in months, order of lactation and reasons for exclusion were monitored. The data were processed by appropriate statistical methods using MS Excel and Statistica 12. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated from the collected data. Baseline characteristics and differences between groups were evaluated using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-tests were used to evaluate the level of signifikance. In the statistical survey, only the influence of the breed and the order of lactation on the performance of dairy cows at the level of significance p < 0,01 was found to be conclusive, which is taken as a statistically highly significant difference. Other statistical surveys were statistically insignificant. Nowadays, breeders are more inclined to problem-free, long-lived dairy cows, which have excellent milk production and can withstand more lactations in the herd. Optimally, the dairy cow should conceive regularly, i.e. one calf a year, have good mobility and be durable so as not to require the special care of a caregiver or veterinarian.
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Vliv věku při prvním otelení na užitkovost a dlouhověkost dojnic
DRÁB, Zdeněk
The main significance of the diploma thesis was to evaluate in a clear form the influence of the level of heifer rearing and age at the first calving on the performance and longevity of dairy cows of Czech spotted cattle in the herd of Agro Kunčina a.s. Data of 390 dairy cows for the last five years were used. The data obtained were sorted according to key indicators, namely age at first calving, age at weaning, performance at first lactation, lifetime performance, milk content, order of lactation and causes of weaning. The available statistical methods were used to evaluate the effect of age at first calving on performance, longevity, causes of exclusion and content of milk components..
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Model preparation of ice hockey players older age
Diviš, Richard ; Jebavý, Radim (advisor) ; Vojta, Zdeněk (referee)
Title: The analysis of the preparation period in ice hockey players over 33 years of age Objectives: The main goal of the thesis was to analyze the development of the explosive strength and power in ice hockey players of 33 years of age during the preparation period. The diploma thesis summarizes the theoretical background of the chosen topic expanding it to the specific player groups. Additional goals of the empirical part included longitudinal analysis perpetrating to the results of the output motor tests, analysis of the effectivity of an intervention training plan applicable during the preparation period, evaluating output and input results of the motor test. Further goals integrated the comparisons of different level ice hockey players and the specifics of their preparation periods. Methods: The study included 3 participants, who contributed to the longitudinal study, which evaluated their motor skills and further participated in the experimental intervention training plan. The analysis of the explosive strength and power used standardized battery of measures. This battery included long jump, five two-footed jump, throw with a heavy ball (3kg) with an overstep and the back side of the thigh strength standing and sitting. The length was measured using the standard SI metric system. The current...
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Flight initiation distances and life histories in birds: comparison of intra- and interspecific approaches
Brzobohatá, Tereza ; Albrecht, Tomáš (advisor) ; Klvaňa, Petr (referee)
Information about the distance, in which the birds flee from predators, may help us to better understand avian escape behavior and stress responses. These distances are influenced by many life-history traits and related factors, both on intraspecific and interspecific levels. This bachelor's thesis is trying to summarize the current knowledge of agents influencing flight initiation distances (FID) of birds, in the form of a literary research. The first section deals with antipredator behavior in birds, and explains methods that are used for measuring critical distances. In the second part of thesis, factors affecting flight initiation distances on intraspecific level are described. The main emphasis is on impact of age characteristics, body sizes, reproductive investments and geographical distribution. The last chapter summarizes the information about relationships between FID and life-history traits on interspecific level. The age of the individual, levels of stress hormones, the effect of the season and biotop are described in detail. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Evolutionary aspects of Alzheimer's disease. Major role of the Apolipoprotein E
Škubica, Patrik ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Jirák, Roman (referee)
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most discussed conditions, due to its huge social and economic consequences. Whereas molecular and genetic aspects causing early onset of the disease are relatively well known, it still remains to be clearly shown how genetic risks and environmental factors interact to ultimately cause the late onset form. Major molecular-genetic factors affecting risk of developing Alzheimer's disease are APOE gene and its product apolipoprotein E. This gene occurs in humans in three common variants that differ among each other in exon sequence by one single nucleotide polymorphism. Similar difference exists between human and mammal APOE gene that served as an origin for human forms. This thesis discusses possible evolutionary scenarios of APOE gene and links acquired information to molecular and environmental ascpects of Alzheimer's disease.
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Physiological basis of extended longevity in termite kings and queens - is activation of telomerase mechanism linked with extended longevity of termites?
Pangrácová, Marie ; Hanus, Robert (advisor) ; Kodrík, Dalibor (referee)
- Extended longevity and high fecundity are two phenomena typical for reproductive castes (queens, eventually kings) of eusocial insects. In my thesis, we explore the hypothesis that the longevity of reproductives in the termite Prorhinotermes simplex is linked with the activation of the telomerase enzyme complex. Telomerase is well known for its life-extension functions, due especially to its capacity to prolong the telomeric ends of chromosomes. Therefore, we studied here the gene expression of: (1) the gene TERT coding for the catalytic subunit of the telomerase and (2) the genes of the main endocrine regulatory pathways, known to be responsible for the control of reproduction and longevity in insects. Expression dynamics of these genes were measured in sterile and reproductive castes of P. simplex during their development and sexual maturation. Based on our results obtained from the TERT expression analyses and their comparison with telomerase enzyme activities, we assume that the telomerase action in the long-lived reproductive individuals is regulated at a post-transcription level. Furthermore, we observed in reproductive castes a simultaneous upregulation of some transcription variants of vitellogenin and the genes for insulin signalling pathways. We can, therefore, conclude that in...
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